Advancing through Mentorship

Just Getting Started: $2.5 Million for Mentorships

UCSF Ophthalmology’s outstanding vision and clinician scientists have a tremendous track record of developing leading-edge research programs that attract hypercompetitive grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). This sustained funding enables new discoveries

Three mentoring tracks showcase the strengths and priorities of UCSF’s vision scientists.The UCSF-Proctor Clinician Vision Scholars K12 Program is a $2.5 million, five-year grant from the National Eye Institute (NEI), one of 27 institutes and centers that comprise the US National Institutes of Health. This grant provides institutional funding to train as many as ten young faculty members to achieve this same level of success. Co-led by Yvonne Ou, MD, and Tom Lietman, MD – both NEI grant awardees – the program builds on existing strengths and collaborations in clinical and translational sciences, bioengineering, and career development in the UCSF Proctor Foundation and Department of Ophthalmology.

New patient-serving faculty members with a passion for research can undertake a one-year intensive mentorship, each supported by a primary mentor and a faculty advisory committee. Immersion in rigorous state-of-the-art vision research is supplemented with guidance for crafting important and novel questions while developing techniques to answer them, aspects of leadership, the value of multidisciplinary and collaborative approaches, and writing effective grant proposals.

This mentorship opportunity makes UCSF Ophthalmology an even more attractive place for top clinical research candidates to launch their faculty careers. As younger vision scientists develop and take charge of significant new research programs, the future of vision grows brighter – at UCSF and around the world.

 

Reducing Sight Loss from Diabetes

Cathy Sun, MD, the first scholar to benefit from an NEI K12 mentorship, has been awarded an NIH grant for independent research of diabetic retinopathy.

A woman smiling with arms crossed in a bright office.
Cathy Sun, MD, investigates diabetic retinopathy.

Joining UCSF Ophthalmology’s faculty in 2019, Dr. Sun’s grant will allow her to investigate the rising global health threat of Type 2 diabetes, where blurred vision is often the first noticeable symptom. Advanced diabetic eye disease, called proliferative diabetic retinopathy, can result in permanent sight loss.

Dr. Sun and her team develop and test novel methods and tools for analyzing large databases of de-identified electronic health care records of patients treated for this condition. The team’s findings and insights can be used to adjust treatment protocols, halting the disorder before it advances and reducing sight loss. They expect to improve strategies for electronic records investigations that can be used to improve outcomes for other damaging eye conditions as well.

Dr. Sun earned her medical degree and completed a residency in ophthalmology at UCSF. She completed a fellowship in glaucoma at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute and received a merit award fellowship from the prestigious Heed Ophthalmic Foundation.

Top-Tier Rankings in 2020!

 
This year we ranked #2 for NIH awards to Departments of Ophthalmology nationwide and #1 for research grant awards from the NIH National Eye Institute. We also continued to be ranked in the top 10 Departments of Ophthalmology nationwide by the 2020 US News and World Report.  Twenty-two vision scientists in the Department of Ophthalmology and Proctor Foundation currently serve as principal investigators for 33 grants awarded by the US National Institutes of Health. In the past several years, the merit of UCSF faculty research is also reflected in the annual publication of more than 200 peer-reviewed articles in prestigious journals including The New England Journal of Medicine, Nature Genetics, Neuron, Ophthalmology, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. These insights and successes bring us closer to a world with sight for all.  We are proud of our Principal Investigators with active NIH Research Grants and New Awards!

Welcome New Faculty

Professional headshot of Dr. Catherine Q. Sun.

Dr. Catherine Q. Sun

Q: What do you aim to achieve at UCSF?

A: I look forward to contributing to the growth of our excellent glaucoma division and department. I also want to advance glaucoma clinical care through interdisciplinary research.

Q: Why did you choose glaucoma?

A: I enjoy providing longitudinal care and surgical solutions for patients. Research to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies can transform the lives of millions of people facing glaucoma.

 

Q: How has your training shaped your research path?

A: UCSF emphasizes evidence-based medicine. As residents, we were given dedicated research time and presented our projects annually. The innovation was impressive! As a fellow, I used the IRIS Registry (the nation’s largest eye database) to study glaucoma surgical outcomes. Investigation of big data holds so much potential for breakthroughs in care. I’m excited to continue to learn and innovate.

 

Q: Why do you want to initiate “point-of-care” clinical trials?

A:  This promising type of study isembedded into regular medical care. It’s a practical approach that can recruit large numbers of participants quickly and yield data from real-world ophthalmic care, using participants’ electronic medical records. These trials have the potential to accelerate research that benefits eye patients.

 

Q: What sparked your interest in clinical trials?

A: As a medical student, I spent a research year with the Proctor Foundation. Wonderful mentors there taught me the ins and outs of randomized controlled trials, which compare treatment efficacy. In my fellowship, I learned from mentors who conducted some of the pivotal glaucoma trials that guide practice today.

 

Q: How do you unwind?

A: I like good meals with friends, seeing musicals and ballet, traveling, and staying active with dance classes, running, and hiking. I often head to the South Bay on weekends to catch up with old friends and family.

 


Portrait of Dr. Tyson Kim, ophthalmologist.

Dr. Tyson Kim

 

Q: What drew you to ophthalmology?

A: The personal reward in helping a patient regain sight is very high. I love microsurgery and how a procedure can be transformative in a patient’s quality of life. Ophthalmology also aligns with my interests as a scientist and innovator. It is a phenomenal field for translating research and technology into improvements in patient care.

 

Q: How will you grow your research here at UCSF?

A: I will build a research lab that utilizes and develops advanced optical methods to study eye disease. One part of my research program will combine femtosecond laser technologies with transgenic models of disease to observe and alter cellular behavior during abnormal blood vessel development in the living eye. This can be particularly powerful for studying disease processes that are hard to recapitulate outside the body. Another aspect of my research focuses on the development and translation of low-cost and easy-to-use technologies in ophthalmic care.

 

Q: How were you instrumental in creating the RetinaScope?

A: RetinaScope is now a multiinstitutional effort that originally started at UC Berkeley and UCSF. I’m one of the inventors and led several clinical trials validating the technology. The device is an easy-to-use and low-cost way to image the retina. It can effectively detect referral-warranted diabetic retinopathy. We’re seeing how the technology can grow and hope to make it very accessible for places where it’s most needed.

 

Q: How do you enjoy your time outside of medicine?

A: I enjoy the city’s fun food culture and the Northern California outdoors. Music helps keep me balanced, and I like playing the violin. I also enjoy traveling.

 


Portrait of a man with dark hair wearing a light blue shirt, smiling against a yellow background.

Dr. Benjamin F. Arnold

 

Q: What attracted you to the Proctor Foundation?

A: Honestly, I’ve never seen a more dynamic and productive research faculty. They integrate extremely well across disciplines, which is where I think the most creative science tends to happen. A growing part of my research focuses on accelerating the elimination of neglected tropical disease through better surveillance methods. Proctor’s focus on global trachoma elimination is a perfect fit.

Q: What are the big takeaways from your studies on reducing diarrheal disease and malnutrition?

A: These maladies account for an enormous global disease burden. Although public health interventions such as cleaner water and nutritional supplements can prevent them in theory, it has proven difficult to dramatically improve child outcomes in practice. I plan to use lessons from 10-plus years of trials in this area to strengthen Proctor’s efforts to end trachoma and reduce child mortality.

 

Q: What interests you about leading the Data Coordination Center?

A: I’m excited to lead this large team of data scientists. As a methodologist, I think that combining the rich information we collect from study sites around the world with state-of-the-art data science will yield important new insights for eliminating disease. Mentoring junior scientists is one of the best ways to stay abreast of the latest scientific developments – especially in the fast-moving field of data science.

 

Q:  What is your life like outside of medical research?

A: My family and I live a semi-rural existence at the edge of Oakland, complete with three children and a menagerie of horses, honey bees, and chickens. I love mountain biking with my kids on the trails near our house.

 


Smiling woman with short blonde hair in a blue blazer.

Dr. Seanna Grob

 

Q: What did your post-residency faculty year teach you?

A: I learned a lot about patient care for eye trauma, general ophthalmology, and resident education. I discovered that teaching and supervising are skills that require continual refinement. I learned how much I enjoy supporting residents through training and helping patients through challenging times.

Q: What led you to start a mental health clinic side by side with the eye trauma unit there?

A: The primacy of sight and the suddenness of eye trauma and vision loss heighten post-traumatic emotional responses. Patients were very excited to get mental health support. As I set it up, I realized that it could be helpful for many vision specialties. I hope to develop similar collaborations at UCSF.

 

Q: Why did you choose oculoplastic surgery as your specialty?

A: During an oculoplastics sub-internship in medical school, I enjoyed the combination of ophthalmology, head and neck surgery, plastic surgery, and dermatology. My exposure to oculoplastics as a resident and during fellowship furthered my excitement and dedication. My mentors inspired me with their passion for oculoplastics.

 

Q: What motivated you to choose a position at UCSF?

A: I’m joining an amazing group of oculoplastic surgeons and ophthalmologists, and UCSF is a preeminent medical institution with endless opportunities for multidisciplinary research, teaching, and leadership. I’m also excited to establish oculoplastics at the UCSF eye clinic in Berkeley.

 

Q: What did you enjoy about recently sky diving for the first time?

A: Flying over Interlaken, Switzerland, in a helicopter, then 45 seconds of free fall followed by floating down to an absolutely stunning view, was one of the most amazing experiences. As soon as I landed, I wanted to do it again.

The Proctor Foundation Saving Sight and Lives

Committed to reducing blindness worldwide, UCSF’s Francis I. Proctor Foundation for Research in Ophthalmology has worked in sub-Saharan Africa since 2000.

A major investigation led by the Proctor Foundation is rocking the public health firmament. “The study shows we can prevent young children in sub-Saharan Africa from dying with a simple intervention,” says Jeremy Keenan, MD, MPH, director of International Programs.

This team previously established that the same intervention saves children’s sight. The UCSF team and international partners investigated whether giving two doses a year of a common antibiotic to infants and toddlers in Malawi, Tanzania, and Niger would reduce child deaths. The work was funded with $14.8 million from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

According to principal investigator Thomas Lietman, MD, the biggest effects were seen in Niger, where 10 percent of newborns do not survive to their fifth birthday. A continuation of the Niger study will examine the impact of a four-year course of treatment, with the support of a $2.4 million Gates Foundation award.

Tens of Thousands of Lives Saved

With 190,000 children participating, the treatments prevented one in four deaths among 1- to 5-month-olds and slashed death rates by nearly 14 percent overall. The New England Journal of Medicine published the results in April, with Dr. Keenan as lead author. The news was covered everywhere from CNN to the Wall Street Journal and NPR.

The New York Times reported that these results are influencing the World Health Organization to decide whether to advise routinely giving antibiotics to newborns. Such a recommendation could speed progress toward the United Nations’ goal of ending preventable child deaths by 2030. Concerns about antibiotic resistance are central to this discussion. In fact, Proctor scientists monitored resistance bacteria in the respiratory tract and the stool, and they will continue to do so for the next two years.

Saving Sight Increased Survival

The Proctor Foundation’s meticulous studies on community-wide administration of the antibiotic azithromycin have played a leading role in arresting the epidemic spread of trachoma.

Early studies also showed that the vision-saving treatment increased survival rates for young children. Researchers believe the antibiotics could possibly help children fight off pneumonia, malaria parasites, and diarrhea, the biggest causes of death for this group.

Group of smiling children in a village setting.
Lack of basic medicines and good sanitation leaves infants and children vulnerable to disease.

 

Next Study to Support Newborns

The UCSF team is taking another leap forward, supported by a new $13.5 million award from the Gates Foundation. A three-year study of at least 50,000 young children in Burkina Faso is being planned. Drs. Lietman and Keenan share principal
investigator honors with colleagues Catie Oldenburg, PhD, and Thuy Doan, MD, PhD. In the first study, most babies were not treated in their earliest months, when they are most vulnerable. “In Burkina Faso, we are partnering with local health workers to provide azithromycin to infants at 4-6 weeks, during vaccine visits,” explains Dr. Oldenburg. The study will explore whether treatment in the first weeks of life helps infants survive.

Biosamples to Yield Answers

Biosamples gathered from the infants and toddlers are critical to understand precisely why more children survive,” says Dr. Doan. Using conventional and advanced genetic sequencing techniques, she will analyze samples from the back of the throat and the gut to determine which pathogens are being killed. She’ll also monitor for antibiotic-resistant genes and characterize the microbial environment in these children’s digestive systems.

“ Thanks to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, we are able to test our strategies at scale.” – Dr. Thomas Lietman

 

Research Benefits Sight, Too

“As we determine how best to use antibiotics to help vulnerable children survive, we also see benefit for the overall trachoma eradication program,” says Dr. Lietman. Seed funds from That Man May See helped launch this work many years ago, with pilot funding from John Debs and others. “Small well-designed studies allowed us to establish evidence that led to increased support from the Bernard Osher Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and most notably the Gates Foundation.” says Dr. Lietman.

 

Improving Vision Care in China

UCSF ophthalmologists are improving quality of care for vision patients by teaching and consulting at vision clinics across China.

It isn’t every day that ophthalmologists see their names dancing across a Jumbotron. This bold welcome met two UCSF clinician scientists last fall at the equivalent of a county hospital in Changchun, China. Vitreoretinal specialist Jay Stewart, MD, and oculofacial plastics specialist M. Reza Vagefi, MD, were the honored guests at a three-day teaching event.

Advancing Training, Care, and Understanding

Drs. Stewart and Vagefi spent one day consulting on how to help patients with complex vision disorders, and another day in surgery, teaching advanced methods. “I was able to share a method for approaching the orbit that avoids leaving a scar on the skin,” says Dr. Vagefi. A third day was devoted to theory and clinical application.

An eye doctor examining a patient's eyes with an ophthalmic device.
Dr. McLeod offers expertise on a difficult case.

“This was our second trip,” says Dr. Vagefi, “and each has offered a unique learning experience. In China, patients are in charge of their own medical charts and carry them from doctor to doctor. For the most part, only senior ophthalmologists perform eye surgeries.”

“After our first visit, we recommended a video system be installed in the operating room as a teaching tool,” adds Dr. Stewart. “This will help advance the skills of younger ophthalmologists.”

 

Initiative to Improve Quality

These trips are part of a larger initiative to lift the quality of care for Chinese vision patients. In China, ophthalmologists often lack access to training on par with the best available in the United States and Europe, with only a handful of outstanding vision centers providing comprehensive training.

Organized by the nonprofit Lifeline Express, Western specialists help fill gaps in professional knowledge at interested hospitals and clinics and recommend improvements. Pediatric specialist Creig Hoyt, MD, was the first UCSF ophthalmologist to participate in the program, and he soon interested others.

A group of four people closely observing a screen together.
Chinese ophthalmologists consult with Dr. Hoyt.

This year Dr. Hoyt will teach at a clinic on the Tibetan plateau. Glaucoma specialist Ying Han, MD, pediatric ophthalmologist Alexandra de Alba Campomanes, MD, and Stephen D. McLeod, MD (cornea, external disease, and refractive surgery), have also led professional development missions.

 

Inspiring Deeper Learning

“The impact of this work continues to unfold,” says Dr. Vagefi. “After our first visit, a junior ophthalmologist traveled to Shanghai, inspired to seek additional training in orbital surgery.”

These UCSF ambassadors are establishing ties to vision institutions across China and offering invitations for ophthalmologists to apprentice as international fellows at UCSF. This year Drs. de Alba and Hoyt will host visiting Chinese scholars whom they met while working for Lifeline Express.